To celebrate the 115th anniversary of one of the oldest scientific journals in the country, the editors of the Revista Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz compiled iconic images that were part of important articles in the publication. Founded by Oswaldo Cruz in 1909 and edited, since then, by the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/Fiocruz), the Journal publishes research in the biomedical field, with worldwide prominence in the fields of tropical medicine and parasitology.